Our analysis relied on survey data from the CLC-survey and administrative data. To assess the impact of neighborhoods on NPOs’ contributions to urban integration, we divided the city into 7,840 smaller areas, each characterized by factors like population size, income levels, the percentage of immigrant residents, and the density of organizations.
Our findings revealed that managerial approaches within NPOs are positively associated with systemic integration. On the other hand, organizational democracy is linked to social integration, which focuses on building connections among community members. Surprisingly, we did not find any significant relationship between neighborhood characteristics and NPOs' engagement in social and systemic integration.
By shedding light on the interactions between NPOs' practices, local neighborhoods, and their contributions to both social and systemic integration, our research adds to the understanding of urban social cohesion.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11266-023-00571-1